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Death Camps (also referred to as "extermination camps" or "killing centers") were designed to carry out genocide. Between 1941 and 1945, the Nazis established five killing centers in German-occupied Poland - Majdanek, Stutthof, Treblinka, Gross Rosen and Auschwitz-Birkenau (part of the Auschwitz camp complex).

Auschwitz functioned as concentration and forced-labor camps, as well as a killing center. The overwhelming majority of the victims of the killing centers were Jews. An estimated 2.7 million Jews were killed in these five killing centers as part of the Final Solution. Other victims murdered in the killing centers included Poles, Roma (Gypsies) and Soviet prisoners of war.

Lublin-Majdanek is usually classified as a concentration camp. According to this research, German authorities used Majdanek primarily as a place to concentrate Jews who were being temporarily spared for use as forced laborers. Occasionally, especially after Belzec ceased operating in late 1942, Jews were sent to Majdanek as part of Operation Reinhard to undergo selection. Jews selected as unfit for labor were murdered at Majdanek either by shooting or in the camp's gas chambers.